北极东北航道商船陀螺罗经航向误差修正算法

吴建华; 杜威; 王辰; 付鹏; 聂根政; 江心博

doi:10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2021.06.009

北极东北航道商船陀螺罗经航向误差修正算法

doi: 10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2021.06.009

吴建华^{1, 2, ,},
杜威^{1, 2},
王辰³,
付鹏^{1, 2},
聂根政^{1, 2},
江心博^{1, 2}

1.
武汉理工大学航运学院武汉 430063
2.
武汉理工大学内河航运技术湖北省重点实验室武汉 430063
3.
交通运输部规划研究院北京 100020

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划课题项目 2016YFC1402706

详细信息

通讯作者:
吴建华(1963—), 博士, 教授.研究方向: 交通信息工程及控制.E-mail: wujh63@sina.com

中图分类号: U666.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-08-06
- 网络出版日期: 2022-01-12

A Correction Algorithm for Course Errors from the Gyrocompass Along the Northeast Channel of the Arctic

WU Jianhua^{1, 2
, ,},
DU Wei^{1, 2},
WANG Chen³,
FU Peng^{1, 2},
NIE Genzheng^{1, 2},
JIANG Xinbo^{1, 2}

1.
School of Navigation, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China
2.
Hubei Key Laboratory of Inland Shipping Technology, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China
3.
Transport Planning and Research Institute, Ministry of Transport, Beijing 100028, China

摘要

摘要: 针对商船上常用的指向仪器设备陀螺罗经在北极东北航道航行时由于高纬度带来的指向力矩变小而导致指向精度下降问题, 基于北极东北航道罗经历史数据, 考虑纬度和航向对航向误差的影响, 利用最小二乘法对GPS卫星罗经与陀螺罗经的航向误差进行多项式拟合, 建立并比对3种拟合模型, 遴选出均方误差最小的陀螺罗经航向修正模型; 当GPS信号异常时, 利用该模型对陀螺罗经航向误差进行一次修正; 修正后陀螺罗经航向精度保持在±2.0°内, 精度在±1°以内的修正率达88.4%;当GPS信号正常时, 在一次修正的基础上利用卡尔曼滤波进行二次修正, 修正后的陀螺罗经航向精度在±1.0°以内的修正率为98.9%, 精度在±0.5°以内的修正率达88.9%。
- 交通信息 /
- 东北航道 /
- 陀螺罗经 /
- 航向误差 /
- 数据拟合 /
- 最小二乘法 /
- 卡尔曼滤波
Abstract: This work focuses on the problem of the decreased pointing accuracy caused by the reduced pointing torque in high latitudes when the gyrocompass commonly used on merchant ship is navigated in the Northeast Passage of the Arctic. Based on the historical data of the Northeast Passage of the Arctic, the influences of latitude and heading on heading error are considered. The least-square method is used to fit the heading error of GPS satellite compass and gyrocompass by the polynomial. Three fitting models are established to select the gyrocompass heading correction model with the smallest mean square error. When the GPS signal is abnormal, the model is used to correct the heading error of the gyrocompass. After correction, the accuracy of the gyrocompass heading remains within ±2.0°, and the correction rate within ±1° reaches 88.4%. When the GPS signal is normal, the Kalman filter is used for the second correction based on the first correction. The correction rate of the corrected gyrocompass heading accuracy within ±1.0° is 98.9%, and that within ±0.5° is 88.9%.
- Northeast Passage of the Arctic /
- gyrocompass /
- heading error /
- data fitting /
- the least-square method /
- Kalman filter /

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图 1 主、从天线基线在站心坐标系中的几何关系

Figure 1. Master and slave antenna baseline geometric elationships in the topocentric-coordinate system

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图 2 GPS卫星罗经解算航向及精度误差

Figure 2. Calculated GPS-satellite compass heading and accuracy error

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图 3 北极东北航道陀螺罗经航向一次修正

Figure 3. Firstly correction of gyrocompass in the Northeast Passage of the Arctic

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图 4 纬度增加时误差拟合曲线

Figure 4. Fitting curves of the errors with the increased latitude

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图 5 纬度减小时误差拟合曲线

Figure 5. Fitting curves of the errors with the reduced latitude

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图 6 陀螺罗经纬度拟合模型残差

Figure 6. Residual error of the latitude fitting model of the gyrocompass

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图 7 基于航向拟合曲线图

Figure 7. Fitting curves based on heading

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图 8 陀螺罗经航向拟合模型残差图

Figure 8. Residual error of the heading fitting model of the gyrocompass

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图 9 纬度与航向合成拟合曲面图

Figure 9. Synthetic fitting surface based on latitude and heading

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图 10 陀螺罗经纬度与航向合成拟合模型残差图

Figure 10. Residual error of the synthetic fitting model based on latitude and heading of the gyrocompass

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图 11 拟合模型应用精度比对图

Figure 11. Comparison of the fitting model's application accuracy

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图 12 基于卡尔曼滤波的陀螺罗经/GPS卫星罗经航向二次修正

Figure 12. Second correction of the heading of the gyrocompass/GPS satellite gyrocompass based on Kalman filter

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图 13 陀螺罗经航向误差修正对比图

Figure 13. Comparison of the heading error-correction of the gyrocompass

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表 1 拟合模型理论均方根误差统计表

Table 1. Theoretical root-mean-square error statistics of the fitted model

拟合模型	均方根误差
纬度拟合	0.778 772 601
航向拟合	1.123 354 639
纬度与航向合成拟合	0.752 336 071

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表 2 拟合模型应用精度均方根误差

Table 2. Root-mean-square error of the applied accuracy of the fitted model

拟合模型	均方根误差
纬度拟合	0.821 127 270
航向拟合	1.038 974 132
纬度与航向合成拟合	0.703 027 018

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