基于数据驱动的城市快速路段拥堵状态辨识及诱导对象选择方法

赵坡; 吴戈; 王翔; 汪思涵; 昝雨尧

doi:10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2021.06.010

基于数据驱动的城市快速路段拥堵状态辨识及诱导对象选择方法

doi: 10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2021.06.010

苏州大学轨道交通学院江苏苏州 215000

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 52002262

详细信息

作者简介:
赵坡(1995—), 硕士研究生.研究方向: 车辆出行特征与路网交通状态识别.E-mail: 981102018@qq.com

通讯作者:
王翔(1987—), 博士, 副教授.研究方向: 交通大数据分析与智能交通.E-mail: wangxiang@suda.edu.cn

中图分类号: U491.4
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-03-06
- 网络出版日期: 2022-01-12

A Data-driven Method for Identifying Congestion State and Selecting Guided Vehicles for Urban Expressways

School of Rail Transportation, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu, China

摘要

摘要: 交通诱导实施效果不佳的主要原因之一是具有差异性出行特征的出行者无法接受单一的诱导方案。针对城市快速路高峰时段拥堵问题, 研究了考虑车辆出行特征差异的交通诱导对象精准识别方法, 以保障诱导方案的实施效果。利用高德路况数据提取拥堵路段, 根据拥堵路段与相邻路段交通状态的相关性提出拥堵源路段识别方法; 利用车牌识别数据提取使用快速路车辆的出行特征, 包括快速路出行强度、地面道路出行强度、快速路出发时刻离散度和快速路路径选择多样性; 采用K-means++算法对车辆出行特征进行聚类, 识别出显著影响道路交通状态的出行者, 并为出行者推荐适合其出行特征的错峰或绕行诱导方案。以苏州快速路为例, 研究发现: 针对拥堵源路段的交通诱导能有效改善拥堵路段的交通状态; 类型3车辆(高频出行且易绕行)占单月工作日早高峰所有使用快速路车辆总数的14%, 却占单日早高峰总交通量的51%, 是重点诱导对象; 通过精准识别, 可推荐诱导车辆数占总车辆数的47%。
- 交通工程 /
- 出行者与快速路 /
- 精准识别 /
- K-means++算法 /
- 绕行诱导 /
- 错峰诱导
Abstract: The inefficient traffic guidance is that travelers are reluctant to accept a single guidance scheme due to heterogeneous travel characteristics. This work proposes an accurate selection method based on the travel characteristics to ensure guidance performance, thus alleviating the peak-hour congestion of the expressways. The congested sections are extracted from a traffic condition dataset of the Gaode map, and the original congested sections are identified according to the correlation of traffic conditions between the congested sections and its adjacent ones. Besides, the travel characteristics of vehicles passing on the expressways are extracted based on the license plate recognition data, including the travel intensity on the expressways, the travel intensity on the ground roads, the dispersion of expressway departure time, and the diversity of the expressway path selection. The travelers significantly affecting the traffic condition of the expressways are identified by the K-means++ clustering algorithm, and appropriate guidance(i.e. staggered shift and detour)is recommended to the identified travelers based on their traveling characteristics. Taking the Suzhou expressway as a case study, the traffic guidance for the original congested sections can improve the traffic condition of congested sections. Type-3 vehicles(high-intensity travel and easy to detour)are the key targets, accounting for only 14% of the total number of vehicles using expressways in the morning peak of working day in one month. However, they constitute 51% of the total traffic volume. There are 47% of vehicles that can be recommended with personalized traffic guidance after congestion-state identification and guided-object selection.
- traffic engineering /
- travelers and expressways /
- accurate identification /
- K-means++ algorithm /
- detour guidance /
- peak dislocation guidance

HTML全文

图 1 K-means++计算流程

Figure 1. Flow of K-means++algorithm calculation

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图 2 快速路研究范围

Figure 2. Study scope of the expressways

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图 3 拥堵源路段诱导对象识别流程

Figure 3. Identification process of induction targets in congested-source sections

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图 4 拥堵路段开始与消散时刻分布

Figure 4. Time distribution of beginning and ending of congested sections

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图 5 拥堵源路段与拥堵路段时空热力图

Figure 5. Spatio-temporal thermal map of the congested source section and congested section

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图 6 车辆出行特征分布

Figure 6. Distribution of vehicle-travel characteristics

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图 7 聚类参数确定示意图

Figure 7. Determination of clustering parameters

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图 8 聚类结果分布

Figure 8. Distribution of clustering results

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图 9 拥堵源路段各类型出行者时变交通量分布

Figure 9. Time-varying traffic volume distribution of different travelers in congested-source road sections

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表 1 高德数据字段表

Table 1. Fields of the traffic-condition dataset of the Gaode map

字段	中文名	示例
roadid	路段编号	5********9
roadname	路段名称	西环快速路
roadclass	道路等级	快速路
speed	速度/(km/h)	50
stat_time	检测时刻	2020-03-16 T20:38:00

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表 2 卡口数据字段表

Table 2. Fields of license plate recognition data

字段	中文名	示例
hphm	号牌号码	苏E*****
dwbh	点位编号	3********7
hpys	号牌颜色	蓝色
jgsj	经过时刻	2020-03-16T12:30:07
cdbh	车道编号	1
sbbh	设备编号	3********1
clsd	速度/(km/h)	50

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表 3 各路段与拥堵源路段交通状况相关系数

Table 3. Correlation coefficient of traffic conditions between each road section and congested-source road section

区域	路段编号	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
a	6	0.75	0.78	0.81	0.84	0.92	1.00	0.36	-
b	5	0.73	0.87	0.91	0.99	1.00	0.97	0.92	0.20
c	7	0.57	0.76	0.80	0.92	0.92	0.96	1.00	0.51
d	6	0.6	0.65	0.72	0.78	0.87	1.00	0.86	0.18

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表 4 聚类结果统计

Table 4. Statistics of clustering results

类型	车辆数(占比/%)	出行强度/d	快速路出行强度/d	地面道路出行强度/d	快速路出发时刻离散度	快速路路径多样性/个	快速路总出行次数(占比/%)	地面道路总出行次数(占比/%)
1	155 229(17)	16.1	2.4	13.7	0.6	1.5	364 740(10)	2 132 801(54)
2	147 435(16)	9.9	4.9	5.0	3.6	3.6	721 800(20)	734 499(19)
3	121 396(14)	18.2	15.3	2.9	1.5	3.5	1 862 184(51)	346 732(9)
4	474 278(53)	3.1	1.5	1.6	0.2	1.2	711 848(19)	736 385(19)

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